Based on being an M&E contractor, Galaxy M&E is well aware of its role and responsibility in helping customers get an overview, complete and whether or not to use solar power systems.

Finding new fuels to generate electricity becomes of particular interest in developing countries. With seemingly endless sources of light, the sun is a fuel field that helps people continue to maintain all activities in daily life. Solar power has become an indispensable trend, widely applied in many advanced countries around the world. Japan, Germany, France, and the United States are the countries that use the most solar electricity today.

Ho Ho Hydroelectricity - Terror of the people living on the banks of the lake.

1. Go with the M&E contractor to find out the reason why solar power has become a trend

It is no coincidence that many clean energy sources are focused on developing countries. The cost of exhausting exploitation of natural resources is still valid. Right in our country, after only 1 night, houses and fields were swept away. The direct cause of so many people that have no houses to live is not due to natural disasters, it comes from hydroelectricity. Remember in 2016, the incident of the current tunnel in Song Bung 2 hydropower in Quang Nam province wiped out a village in a heartbeat. Other names such as Dakrong 3 hydropower (Quang Tri), Ho Ho (Ha Tinh), Su Pan 1 (Lao Cai) ... have become the horrors of people living on both sides of the lake. In the article "People are trembling under the Ho Ho hydroelectric water bomb" by Tuoi Tre newspaper, Mr. Pham Van Than, 61, of Phu Le village, Huong Trach shared: "Since the day of Ho Ho hydroelectricity, people are always worried. Many floods came very quickly, people could not help because the hydroelectricity discharged flood ”.

Hydroelectricity how about thermoelectricity? Smoke, carbon dioxide surrounded the surrounding villages of thermal power plants. Thermal power, hydroelectricity have caused many disasters for us. If we continue with projects to prevent rivers and embankments, continue to build thermal power projects, one day, we, our friends, our children and grandchildren will surely get dangerous.

Grid-connected solar system 274.4 kWp at Viet farm - Ninh Thuan.

2. The "sun" door is ajar in Vietnam

Solar power has become popular in Vietnam, especially in the Southern region from about the past 3 years. With the advantage of climate, the provinces from the South Central Coast are the promising land for businesses producing and trading solar power systems. However, a question arises as to why the North has not yet or not developed solar power. Did cold winter haze neutralize the Northern solar power system? If it is the main cause, we have ignored the reality in temperate and welding countries. Japan and some European countries are considering solar power as a source of power to help them develop sustainably. So what causes unpopular solar power in the North? The next content will bring up the answer.

The photoelectric effect, also known as the Hertz Effect, was discovered by scientist Heinrich Hertz.

3. Overview of the operating principle of solar power system

3.1. What is the principle of electric current?

Electric current generated from solar energy is based on the principle of the photoelectric effect. The photoelectric effect is the ability to emit electrons (electrons) when they are absorbed by light. The photovoltaic effect was first discovered in 1839. It was not until 1883 that a solar battery was created by Charles Fritts. He covered the Selenium semiconductor circuit with an extremely thin layer of gold to make the junction. Equipment made by Charles Fritts is only 1% efficient. In the long run with the efforts of researchers, finally in 1946, Russell Ohl was the first to create a complete solar panel.

Solar cells are structured in turn from the outside to the inside: thin metal surface, transparent film, electronic chip, film, back film, aluminum alloy frame.

3.2. Why is it called solar battery?

Solar battery (solar panel / solar cell / photovoltaic battery) is a device that directly converts sunlight energy (solar energy) into electrical energy (electricity) based on the photovoltaic effect.

Solar battery is made of silicon. This is a semiconductor, an intermediate material between a conductor and an insulator. Semiconductors act as an insulator at low temperatures and are electrically conductive at room temperature.

3.3. How does a solar battery work?

Sunlight consists of very small particles called photons emitted from the sun. When colliding with the silicon atoms of a solar battery, photon particles transfer their energy to discrete electrons, stimulating electrons to bounce off the atom, and at the same time a void appears by the atom because of the lack of electrons.

The release of electrons, however, is only half the work of a solar cell. After the electron particles have moved, the task is to put the electrons into a certain flow. This involves creating a charge imbalance in solar cells.

The charge imbalance can be created by the internal organization of the silicon. To increase the electrical conductivity of silicon, scientists have impurities by combining it with other materials. This process helps create many free electrons and holes. A silicon semiconductor has two parts, each of which is mixed with a different material. The first part is mixed with phosphorus. Phosphorus needs 5 electrons to neutralize the charge. When combined with silicon, an electron is left over. The electron is typical of negative charge (Negative) so this part will be called N type silicon (N electrode). To make P-type silicon (positive charge, also known as P-Positive electrode), the scientists combined silicon with Boron. Boron only needs 3 electrons to neutralize the charge and when combined with silicon creates holes that need to be filled by electrons.

When these two types of semiconductors are placed side by side in a solar cell, the type N electron will jump over to fill the gaps of type P. Because silicon is a semiconductor, it can act as an insulated part and maintain imbalances. The main and essential ingredient that helps maintain the imbalance is photons from sunlight. Photons in sunlight cause electrons to move from electrode N to electrode P. This movement creates a direct current. Direct current (DC) through the inverter is converted into alternating current (AC) to help supply power to the load devices.

The amount of radiation in the North is 10% to 20% less than in the South and the centre of Vietnam.

4. From the viewpoint of M&E contractor, why is solar power unpopular in the North?

Based on the principles of the solar power system mentioned in part 3, we see that sunlight is the first and necessary element to help generate electricity. If we compare the number of sunny hours, the South and the Central area have 10 to 20% more than the North. This means that solar PV investment efficiency in the North will be less than the other two regions. However, if compared to the North with European countries, Vietnam in general is still the ideal land to use solar power.

In addition to the cause of poor investment performance, psychology is also one of the factors affecting the decision whether or not to invest in solar power systems of the North. Characteristics of the North ancient people in the past was that they liked to dress up well and have a stable life, but Southern people are the opposite.

The third cause of undeveloped solar power in the North, which is also a common cause of the fear of many households, is the quality of the components of the solar power system. One of the most important parts of the system is the solar panels, followed by the battery and converter (inverter). Most of these devices now have vague and unclear origins. If the state agency can identify and help people clearly distinguish the differences between floating, unidentified goods with goods originating from Japan, Germany or developed countries. In general, the North in particular will be a topic to attract many countries who are thirsty for clean energy. 

Based on being a unit specializing in consulting, designing, constructing M&E, Galaxy M&E is well aware of its role and responsibility in helping customers gain an overview as well as advantages and disadvantages of solar power systems. In addition, it also helps customers to partly explain why solar power is still an option to consider. Besides the enthusiastic support to develop clean energy sources, the investment efficiency of customers is still the number one priority, which is also the only motivation for Galaxy Electrical - Mechanical Consulting to provide mechanical and electrical solutions. Overall, bring practical benefit to investors. 

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